Problems of Legal Efforts to Resist Execution in District Courts and High Courts up to Cassation and Judicial Review
Downloads
Background. The execution challenge process in Indonesia faces numerous obstacles, including procedural ambiguity, administrative inefficiencies, and case backlogs. These challenges lead to prolonged case resolution and undermine public trust in the legal system, especially among individuals with limited legal knowledge or financial resources.
Purpose. This study aims to identify the main obstacles in the execution challenge process and assess their impact on legal certainty and access to justice. It also seeks to propose solutions to enhance the effectiveness and fairness of the legal system.
Method. A qualitative approach was used, involving case studies, interviews with legal practitioners, and a review of legal documents to analyze procedural gaps and their effects on stakeholders.
Findings. The study found that procedural complexity and administrative delays are significant obstacles, causing legal uncertainty and harming public trust. Furthermore, limited access to legal aid for disadvantaged individuals exacerbates inequality in the justice system.
Conclusion. Simplifying procedures, incorporating technology in court administration, and enhancing public legal education are essential reforms to improve efficiency and accessibility. These measures will promote legal certainty and ensure equal justice for all.
Akkanat Öztürk, E. (2023). Facebook Decision of the Berlin District Court: Does the use of Unfair Terms Constitute Unfair Competition? Annales de La Faculté de Droit d’Istanbul, 0(71), 41–49. https://doi.org/10.26650/annales.2022.71.0016
Alfiander, D. (2022). Disparity in the Considerations of Judges in Deciding Divorce Disputes in Religious Courts and District Courts. JURIS (Jurnal Ilmiah Syariah), 21(1), 109. https://doi.org/10.31958/juris.v21i1.5716
Andiko, T., Nurdin, Z., & Efrinaldi, E. (2024). Implementation of Restorative Justice in a Customary Court in Rejang Lebong District, Bengkulu, Indonesia: A Maq??id Al-Shar?’ah Review. JURIS (Jurnal Ilmiah Syariah), 23(1), 93. https://doi.org/10.31958/juris.v23i1.12008
Auliani, A. S. & Candiwan. (2021). Information Security Assessment On Court Tracking Information System: A Case Study from Mataram District Court. 2021 IEEE 12th Annual Ubiquitous Computing, Electronics & Mobile Communication Conference (UEMCON), 0226–0230. https://doi.org/10.1109/UEMCON53757.2021.9666617
Bergkamp, L. (2023a). Article: The Hague District Court’s Judgment in the ‘Climate Case of the Century’: How a Dutch Court Fell Through the Cellar Hatch (Part 1). European Energy and Environmental Law Review, 32(Issue 1), 1–34. https://doi.org/10.54648/EELR2023001
Bergkamp, L. (2023b). The Hague District Court’s Judgment in the ‘Climate Case of the Century’: How a Dutch Court Fell Through the Cellar Hatch (Part 2). European Energy and Environmental Law Review, 32(Issue 2), 68–99. https://doi.org/10.54648/EELR2023003
Boyd, C. L., George, T. E., & Yoon, A. H. (2022). The Emerging Authority of Magistrate Judges within US District Courts. Journal of Law and Courts, 10(1), 37–60. https://doi.org/10.1086/714576
Boyd, C. L., Kim, P. T., & Schlanger, M. (2020). Mapping the Iceberg: The Impact of Data Sources on the Study of District Courts. Journal of Empirical Legal Studies, 17(3), 466–492. https://doi.org/10.1111/jels.12264
Chen, D. L. (2023). Judicial compliance in district courts. International Review of Law and Economics, 74, 106122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.irle.2022.106122
Cheng, C. S. A., Huang, H. H., Lei, Z., & Lu, H. (2024). Ex ante litigation risk and firm restatement decisions: Evidence from district courts. International Review of Law and Economics, 79, 106198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.irle.2024.106198
Crow, M. S., & Goulette, N. (2022). Judicial diversity and sentencing disparity across U.S. District Courts. Journal of Criminal Justice, 82, 101973. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2022.101973
Crow, M. S., & Goulette, N. (2024). U.S. District Court Judicial Diversity: The Impact of Race and Sex Composition on Sentencing Outcomes at the District Level. Crime & Delinquency, 00111287241231748. https://doi.org/10.1177/00111287241231748
Fallo, D. F. N., Amalo, H., & Dima, A. D. (2024). Barriers to Law Enforcement Responsive to the Interests of Victims: A Study on the Practice of Justice for Violent Crimes in the Jurisdiction of Class IA Kupang District Court. Journal of Ecohumanism, 3(7), 1195–1206. https://doi.org/10.62754/joe.v3i7.4281
Gallorini, C. (2022). The Termination of Intra-EU Investor-state Arbitration and the Enforceability of Intra-EU Awards in the United States District Courts. ELTE Law Journal, 1, 25–47. https://doi.org/10.54148/ELTELJ.2022.1.25
Geisler, S. (2023). Braidwood Mgmt. V. Becerra & a Texas District Court’s Decision to Stop Enforcement of Preventive Care Coverage Requirements under the ACA. American Journal of Law & Medicine, 49(1), 112–119. https://doi.org/10.1017/amj.2023.19
Hofer, S., & Achury, S. (2021). The Consequences of Diversifying the US District Courts: Race, Gender, and Ideological Alignment through Judicial Appointments. Justice System Journal, 42(3–4), 306–324. https://doi.org/10.1080/0098261X.2022.2026264
Hofer, S., & Casellas, J. (2020). Latino Judges on the Federal District Court: ¿Cómo Deciden? American Politics Research, 48(3), 343–354. https://doi.org/10.1177/1532673X19867052
Holmes, B., Feldmeyer, B., & Kulig, T. C. (2020). Sentencing departures and focal concerns: The joint effect of race and gender on departures in United States district courts, 2014 – 2016. Journal of Crime and Justice, 43(5), 598–622. https://doi.org/10.1080/0735648X.2020.1730933
Holvast, N., & Mascini, P. (2020). Is the Judge or the Clerk Making the Decision? Measuring the Influence of Judicial Assistants via an Experimental Survey among Dutch District Court Judges. International Journal for Court Administration, 11(2), 14. https://doi.org/10.36745/ijca.358
Kapelko, M. (2024). Evaluating input? and output?specific inefficiency in courts of justice. An empirical study of Polish district courts. International Transactions in Operational Research, itor.13503. https://doi.org/10.1111/itor.13503
Kasahara, N., Matsunaga, S., Yamada, M., Nakamura, Y., Tashiro, M., & Hashimoto, M. (2020). Comparison of Characteristics of Dental Malpractice Trials between Medical Malpractice and Ordinary Divisions in District Courts. The Bulletin of Tokyo Dental College, 61(2), 73–82. https://doi.org/10.2209/tdcpublication.2019-0015
Kramer, K. L., & Kelley, S. M. (2024). Examining the Sentencing of American Indian Women in U.S. Federal District Courts. Crime & Delinquency, 70(5), 1419–1442. https://doi.org/10.1177/00111287221137305
Lee, W. F., McNeely, C. A., Rosenbaum, J. E., Alemu, B., & Renner, L. M. (2020). Can Court Diversion Improve School Attendance among Elementary Students? Evidence from Five School Districts. Journal of Research on Educational Effectiveness, 13(4), 625–651. https://doi.org/10.1080/19345747.2020.1760976
Lehtonen, O., & Sutela, M. (2022). Geospatial Research Supporting Decision-Making in Court Services – an Assessment of the 2019 District Court Reform in Finland. International Journal for Court Administration, 13(3), 5. https://doi.org/10.36745/ijca.385
Love, B. J., Lefouili, Y., & Helmers, C. (2023). Do Standard-Essential Patent Owners Behave Opportunistically? Evidence From U.S. District Court Dockets. American Law And Economics Review, 25(1), 300–337. https://doi.org/10.1093/aler/ahad010
Mak, M., & Sidman, A. H. (2020). Separate Opinion Writing Under Mandatory Appellate Jurisdiction: Three?Judge District Court Panels and the Voting Rights Act. Journal of Empirical Legal Studies, 17(1), 116–138. https://doi.org/10.1111/jels.12244
Mak, M., Sidman, A. H., Palmeri, V., Denise, N., & Huertero, R. (2021). Judges’ Race and the Voting Rights Act: Perceived Expertise in Three-Judge District Court Panels. Justice System Journal, 42(3–4), 375–393. https://doi.org/10.1080/0098261X.2021.1881666
Malin, T., & Tanskanen, M. (2024). Exploring sentencing disparities in the Nordic context: A multilevel analysis of court- and judge-level variation in sentences of ‘aggravated driving under the influence’ in Finnish district courts. Criminology & Criminal Justice, 17488958241270733. https://doi.org/10.1177/17488958241270733
Massicotte, L. (2024). Do Court Decisions and Redistribution Rules Have Consequences? Malapportionment of German Single-Member Electoral Districts. German Politics, 33(3), 558–583. https://doi.org/10.1080/09644008.2022.2070611
Murphy, K. L. (2023). Making APE Aquatic Programs Safe for the Disabled: Estate of Esquivel v. Brownsville Indep. Sch. Dist. United States District Court Southern District of Texas Brownsville Division Civil Action No. 1:16-cv-000402018 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 231742 (S.D. Tex., January 16, 2019). Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 94(3), 52–53. https://doi.org/10.1080/07303084.2022.2157174
Olson, M. P., & Rivero, A. H. (2022). Appellate Court Influence over District Courts in the United States. Journal of Political Institutions and Political Economy, 3(2), 183–213. https://doi.org/10.1561/113.00000057
Putra, G. M., Siddik, M., Lubis, A. P., Akmal, & Nuriadi. (2021). Application of TOPSIS Method in Exemplary Selection at the Tanjungbalai District Court. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1933(1), 012063. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1933/1/012063
Sawyer, T. H., & Sawyer, T. L. (2023). Sex Discrimination Title IX: Ollier v. Sweetwater Union High School District United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit N0. 12-56348 (2014). Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 94(7), 47–48. https://doi.org/10.1080/07303084.2023.2237373
Sayer, A., Hess, M., & Hall, M. E. K. (2021). Affirming the District Judge: An Empirical Analysis of the Effect of District Judges Sitting by Designation on Circuit Court Panels. Journal of Empirical Legal Studies, 18(2), 461–484. https://doi.org/10.1111/jels.12284
Taylor, S. (2024). Deconstructing imprisonment: Exploring sentencing discourses in the District Court of New South Wales. Criminology & Criminal Justice, 24(2), 379–394. https://doi.org/10.1177/17488958221117922
Testa, A., & Hartley, R. D. (2021). Financial Dependents and Sentencing Outcomes in Federal District Courts: Variation by Race, Ethnicity, and Sex. Criminal Justice Policy Review, 32(6), 646–672. https://doi.org/10.1177/0887403420943933
Testa, A., & Lee, J. G. (2021). Trends in Sentencing of Federal Drug Offenders: Findings From U.S. District Courts 2002–2017. Journal of Drug Issues, 51(1), 84–108. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022042620959071
Willert, B., & Nowacki, J. S. (2024). Social Context and Early Disposition Departures: An Examination of Disparity in Immigration Sentencing Across U.S. District Courts. Crime & Delinquency, 00111287241249741. https://doi.org/10.1177/00111287241249741
Copyright (c) 2024 Ahmad Haikal, Evita Isretno Israhadi

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.