Increase Elementary School Students' Interest in Learning During Covid-19 with Teaching Materials Using E-Books

The purpose of this research is to increase students' interest in learning in elementary schools during Covid-19 with e-book teaching materials by utilizing technology in learning media, especially using digital books (e-books) through computer intermediaries, laptops or smartphones. Since the existence of Covid-19, the level of interest in learning from students has been very minimal, because educators are less creative in using technology when carrying out the learning process, so that students are less interested in doing learning, by utilizing technology published in digital form can be used by students to facilitate students in learning and increase student interest in learning during the Covid-19 pandemic by displaying information in the form of text, images, audio, video, animation, narration, music, and other multimedia. The method used in this study is a quantitative research method, in which this method researchers can collect data by means of in-depth interviews using the Google form. Because of that, with the e-book media, researchers hope that students' interest in learning can increase even though learning is still done online.


INTRODUCTION
At the turn of the year, technology is developing very rapidly (Pambudi, 2019). It has been argued that progress in a given aspect has many uses, especially in the current era of globalization (Weidlich, 2018). Educational technology such as the use of smartphones, computers and laptops will provide all students with access to learning materials that are presented in an interactive format and are expected to succeed in acquiring knowledge that was not previously available. The main criterion for the success of the learning process in schools is influenced by the rate of development of information technology (TI) (Reich, 2019), Therefore, for many people, by using techniques everything becomes easy, effective, practical and fast. The use of technology knows no age limit, from children to adults. The use of technology in education is an alternative to improve the quality and quantity of results and processes, including: Learning Resources. Teachers and students are encouraged to actively use technology in the learning process (Marcal, 2020).
The success of the learning process is the main thing that is desired in the implementation of education in schools. In the learning process the main components are teachers and students (Nuroqmah, 2021). In order for the learning process to be successful, the teacher must guide students in such a way that they can develop knowledge according to the structure of the field they are studying (Bakar, 2018). One of the efforts to overcome such a situation is the use of media in the teaching and learning process (Wu, 2020). Because the function of the media in this case besides being a presenter of information, attitudes and others, is also to increase success in receiving information (Bahri et al., 2018). There are many learning media that can be used in the learning activities. Learning media is an element in learning and teaching that has an important role in learning activities (Salay, 2019). There are many learning media that can be used in the learning activities. Learning media is an element in learning and teaching that has an important role in learning activities (Ummah, 2019). Cellphones and other electronic devices such as (digital) gadgets are an information technology that has great potential to improve the quality of learning (Alabdulaziz, 2021). Cellphones and other electronic devices such as (digital) gadgets are an information technology that has great potential to improve the quality of learning.
Learning is the process of giving students opportunities to explore and build on their knowledge (Toharudinetal.2019). Learning is the process of giving students opportunities to explore and build on their knowledge (Abidahet al.2020). Learning is the process of giving students opportunities to explore and build on their knowledge (Alavudeen et al., 2021). Online learning is one of the solutions offered during a pandemic (C. Dongetal., 2020). Online learning is learning that is carried out with the help of the internet both simultaneously and asynchronously which provides opportunities for student interaction with learning resources, both educators/environment and peers without any space and time limitations and is more flexible (Rapanta, 2020). Online learning is not working. This is largely determined by the skills of educators and students (Mishra, 2020). The ability to use technology is very helpful in creating learning that facilitates learning, resulting in excellent social interaction (Carrillo, 2020). Online learning allows students to continue learning to the fullest (Panigrahi, 2018). Technology plays a very important role because education during a pandemic is carried out online (Dumford, 2018). This is because the implementation of education is carried out using both WhatsApp to Media Zoom and social media Google Meet (M. Dong, 2018). In this case, the teacher cannot explain material interactively to students and requires learning media or materials to support the implementation of learning (Wei, 2020). Material is a set of learning tools, or tools that contain learning materials, methods, constraints, and evaluation methods, and are systematic to achieve the expected goals (Gikandi et al., 2011). achievement of a capability or sub-skill with all its complexity in a purposeful and interesting way.
Teaching materials are one of the most important elements of learning (Duc, 2021). The presence of teaching materials allows teachers to successfully convey teaching materials to their students (Sasmito, 2021). Material is the knowledge, skills, and attitudes that need to be learned to achieve the given standard of ability, and has attractive designs and images that can attract students' attention during learning (Gilmore, 2019). The importance of teaching materials in the learning process requires teachers to develop teaching materials that meet the needs of students and curriculum requirements, independent of textbooks and government aid packages, and adapted to the characteristics of students (Saunders-Smits, 2020). With the presence of curriculum-based materials, needs and characteristics can motivate students and students can learn in accordance with the goals of science and technology development (Boesdorfer, 2020). In addition, the material can increase student creativity (Heliawati, 2020). Hopefully the presence of quality material influences motivation, interest and creativity and brings student learning outcomes.
The problem that occurs at this time is that there are still many educators who have difficulty making interesting teaching materials that can motivate students in learning (Novita, 2020). This causes students' interest in learning to decrease. Based on the results of observations and document studies that have been carried out, it was found that the learning interest of class VI students was very low. Based on the results of interviews with one of the teachers and students, it can be concluded that there are several problems underlying the lack of interest in student learning. These problems include a lack of interest in learning, the implementation of learning tends to be dominated by the teacher using the lecture method so students get bored quickly. However, the problem that is felt to greatly affect students' interest in learning is that learning is carried out using an online system, which causes students to lack learning resources because students do not get books from institutions so that students have a little difficulty in doing the assignments given, therefore there is a need for learning resources.
The media also functions to set the steps of progress and to provide feedback on the teaching and learning process (Sharp & Sharp, 2016). In simple terms, e-books can be interpreted as electronic books or digital books (Dore, 2018). An electronic book is a digital version of a book which generally consists of a collection of papers containing text or images (Salloum, 2019). The vision of the e-book is as an alternative format for a book/document that can be downloaded and read easily anytime and anywhere. (Korat, 2019). The e-book itself is very useful for overcoming the shortage of printed books in the 2013 curriculum and reducing costs incurred to buy books. (Adam, 2019). By using media, learning does not seem boring to students, because students not only listen to lectures from teachers but by using learning media will make students interested in the lessons being delivered and students will be motivated to learn and clarify and simplify learning concepts so as to increase absorption or retention of learning (Lin, 2018). Media also acts as a technique used to streamline teacher-student communication in the process of education and teaching in schools, as well as e-book media. (Mohammed, 2020). This is a consideration of the importance of contribution activities in order to get to know them more deeply. The main component in the learning process is the process of interaction between teachers and students. In addition, it also requires interaction between the media used in learning.
Media is defined as an intermediary or intermediary, namely as an introductory message from the giver of information to the recipient of the information (Gunantar & Transinata, 2019). Learning media is a combination of materials and tools or a combination of software and hardware (Gunantar & Transinata, 2019). It can be said that the media is a tool and material that can be contained in software or hardware media. The Covid-19 pandemic has forced the implementation of physical distancing which has become a new regulation that aims to slow down and even stop the spread of the Covid-19 virus. (Rapanta, 2020). The role of technology is very important because the relationship between distance learning (PJJ) and the use of learning platforms has a very positive impact because its use is very practical (Toto & Limone, 2021). This situation certainly can provide space for discussion with flexibility of time and change the learning approach that was focused on the teacher to focus on students. Distance learning activities require media that supports the realization of learning goals that are applied at all levels of education, especially elementary school. In distance learning (PJJ) using digital books (electronic books) is the right thing because they can be stored in devices and easy to carry (ElAdl, 2020). The hope to be achieved from the use of e-books in elementary level learning is to foster a culture of interest in reading or scientific literacy of students and increase active participation in each lesson so as to open horizons, deepen insights, and understand the world so that students are motivated to learn.
The solution we can provide is the development of digital teaching materials, especially those that contain teaching materials. Previous studies have shown that digital materials can help students learn. Digital materials are all forms of content that can be used for learning, such as text, audio, photos, videos, animations, etc., including learning instructions (student/teacher instructions), ability to achieve, content or content of learning materials (Kotluk & Kocakaya, 2016). Material Additional information, exercises, and work instructions can be in the form of worksheets, assessments, answers, or feedback on the results of the assessment. Digital materials can also be described as learning resources that students can use independently in class and without an instructor or tutor (Kiilu, 2020). The goal of developing digital materials is to make the learning process more flexible (Pepin et al., 2017). Currently it is supported by various kinds of technology-based materials by displaying visual elements, images, videos and animations that aim to convey learning messages to students. Intermediary. Digital materials were chosen because they have several advantages over printed materials. Digital materials have several advantages. For example, as long as you have internet access, you can study anytime, anywhere, save money, choose topics according to the material you study, and promote and apply various learning (Alsoud & Harasis, 2021). Style through practice. Ability to develop and maximize student related skills, activities, and ICT.
E-books are more durable and inexpensive because you don't need to buy printed books instead of learning media (Bergström, 2020). Many barriers have been identified when using e-books at a basic level. That is, a) access to ebooks needed to support electronic devices such as computers, laptops and smartphones. b) Most students do not have their own devices. c) Discomfort for students who have to stare at the screen for a long time. d) Educators and parents lack technical knowledge. e) The difficulties students face when using ebooks, because special software may be required to open them. Based on the limitations above, the researchers grouped the problem formulation into two groups. The question is how to implement the use of ebooks. Before using ebooks, it is very important for students to clearly identify ebooks. This activity requires students to have a complete understanding of the basics of using ebooks. This book also provides guidance for using ebooks online (on the Web) in distance learning (PJJ) and how to apply them. Given the level of learning e-books at the beginner level, most elementary school students have never used e-books and do not understand how to use e-books, so guidance is needed.
Ebook media is currently popular among students and fans in cyberspace, with a relatively small size, they can even read hundreds of book pages in one file, which is called an ebook. (Boticki, 2019). Ebook as a digital book makes it very easy for the public, especially students. Ebooks can feature audio and video as well as text and images (Yang, 2021). You can use the variations available in e-book media to increase students' interest in reading and learning, keep students engaged in the learning process, and increase interest in learning (Yow, 2019). Achieving learning objectives and increasing interest in learning is the main task of educators (Festiyed, 2019). One of them is the use of ebook media as an active, creative, effective, and fun learning strategy (Kao, 2019). All factors related to teachers and students need to be considered in order to ensure the success of the teaching and learning process (Llorente, 2021). From teacher behavior as the interaction of learning outcomes with student behavior, student behavior while participating in learning and the learning process can reflect student interest in learning and vice versa, he feels indifferent to learning. This student interest is a sign of interest. Interest is a high motivation or desire for something (Giovindo et al., 2018), and learning is the process of achieving new changes as a whole (Bagja Sulfemi & Supriyadi, 2018). So interest in learning is a strong desire or desire to change.
Together with increasingly advanced technology, ebooks can be presented in a multimedia format that can be created through the use of e-book media. In this case the e-book is not just in the form of text, but there are also pictures, animations and recordings. E-books on a multimedia basis are expected to be able to make students interested in being more focused in teaching and learning activities. the focus of the students will have an influence on increasing the effectiveness of the learning of the students themselves. If the activeness of students has increased, it is hoped that it will have a positive impact on the resulting learning. The purpose of this research is to find out whether e-books have the effectiveness to be used as learning media in an effort to increase student activity. There are many learning media that can be used in the learning activities. Learning media is an element in learning and teaching that has an important role in learning activities. In utilizing the media, it should be a matter that must be considered by educators for each learning activity carried out. Thus educators are required to carry out learning on how to determine learning media so that they can bring student learning interest and effectiveness in achieving the goals of learning in the learning activities that take place.
The function of interest in learning is greater as a motivating force, namely as a force that encourages students to learn. Students who are interested in the lesson will appear to be constantly motivated to study diligently, in contrast to students whose attitude is only to accept the lesson. they are only moved to want to learn but it is difficult to continue to persevere because there is no incentive. Therefore, to obtain good results in learning, a student must have an interest in the lesson so that it will encourage him to continue learning. Participation in providing instructions on how to use the ebook is essential in preparing for developing learning assignments. The author's interest in studying the use of e-books during the learning phase of the Covid-19 pandemic, which stopped face-to-face learning activities in schools. This is to prepare students to face the demands of developments in learning technology during the Covid-19 pandemic, using e-books, how to use e-books, and how to get e-books which are important for students to understand the e-books chosen by the author. A book that can benefit from the ultimate ebook download.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The method used in this research is a quantitative method. Quantitative research method is an attempt by researchers to find knowledge and examine problems by providing data in the form of numbers (Aspers & Corte, 2019). The numbers obtained will be used to analyze the information. Simply put, quantitative research is scientific research that is systematically organized into parts and exhibits difficulty connecting (Ferri, 2020). Quantitative methods have many purposes. B. Development of a mathematical model. This research does not only use theories obtained through literature and theory studies, but also the importance of making hypotheses related to the phenomena studied in this method. This method is also the center of measurement Another definition also states that quantitative research is the study of scientific thoughts and the research process using a logico hypothetico (Arliman S, 2018). Quantitative methods have many purposes. B. Development of a mathematical model. This research does not only use theories obtained through literature and theory studies, but also the importance of making hypotheses related to the phenomena studied in this method. This method is also the center of measurement (Murdiyanto Eko, 2020). In collecting data the researcher did this by conducting in-depth interviews with students using the Google form, where on the Google form the researcher could ask questions to Grade VI students at SDN Bukitbajang, then the researcher distributed the Google Form link to students so that students could fill out the google form link according to the link that has been given.
This Google form was created to make it easier for researchers to collect student data online. so that by conducting interviews and observations through the Google form, researchers can also find out the level of student interest in using e-books as learning media during Covid-19. From the answers given by students to the questions posed by researchers through the Google form, researchers can find out students' interest in using media as a tool in the learning process. This research was conducted on June 20, 2022, in which class VI students were used as research objects. Student data will be used as research objects for researchers. This research was conducted at elementary school grade VI. in the final stage, the researcher also gave directions and suggestions to students so that students could use e-book media as a venue to increase students' interest in learning. So that through the e-book, learning objectives can also be achieved optimally even though the learning process is still being carried out during the pandemic.

RESULT AND DISCUSSION
As one of the factors that can affect the quality of education, the use of IT continues to grow and has a significant impact on the learning process. Therefore, students must be prepared to acquire skills that can be applied in various aspects of life, especially education. Students will be given the opportunity to assist in the learning process and learn to develop technical skills that can be used now and in the future. Therefore, institutional learning programs need to apply technology-based learning. Through this learning, students are expected to acquire life skills that will more firmly determine their future in getting to know technology and understanding technological developments. In the current pandemic situation, everyone is required to be distant or socially distant in the public interest. Study is no exception. Learning during a pandemic must be carried out remotely between students and teachers. Learning like this is called distance learning (PJJ). Distance learning was chosen to ensure continuity of education during this pandemic. (Saputra & Gunawan, 2021) shows that distance learning actually contributes quantitatively to the interaction between education and learning. Distance learning can overcome the weaknesses of face-to-face learning, where learning is limited only to teachers and students, and distance learning can be used to further disperse learning interactions Based on data obtained by researchers through in-depth interviews conducted at SDN BukitBajang, distance learning uses e-book media to help students make the learning process easier due to the Covid-19 problem. By using e-book media, learning can be carried out without any obstacles. There are lots of media that can be used for distance learning such as audio books, you tube, and comic video animations, but of the many learning media that can be used by researchers, distance learning that is suitable for use is using the E application media. -book. Which using the application can help parents and teachers effectively.
Based on the results of the questionnaire data that the researchers obtained in the field through observations on the Google form sent via message media in the form of a link. Then the results obtained are as follows: Figure 1. E-books are suitable for use in providing teaching materials during a pandemic From the results of the questionnaire data above regarding the use of e-books in learning material taught during a pandemic. As many as 64.7% of students answered that they felt comfortable using this e-book. Meanwhile, 35.3% of students answered that they felt that the e-book was not suitable for providing teaching materials to students during a pandemic. 0% of students answered no, because using e-books in learning Arabic is very useful for them. With the results of the analysis it is known that students stated that the ebook was suitable for use in providing teaching materials during a pandemic. One of the reasons was that this e-book was very suitable and easy to access anywhere and anytime, especially during a pandemic. where learning cannot be done face-to-face, then this ebook is one of the media solutions for learning during a pandemic. Figure 2. There is an influence on the use of e-books to increase student interest in learning From the results of the questionnaire data above which describes the influence of the use of e-books to increase student interest in learning. this is evidenced by the percentage of the questionnaire obtained, namely students who stated that the e-book had an effect on increasing student learning interest by 52.9% while students who stated that maybe the e-book had an effect on increasing student learning interest by 47.1% of students. things that support this statement are because e-books are very interesting to use for the learning process and e-books are also very practical to use so as to increase student learning interest. From the results of the questionnaire data above regarding the use of e-book media in influencing the improvement of student learning outcomes. The questionnaire data above explains that students who answered yes were as much as 41.2% while students who answered maybe as many as 58.8%. So students' perceptions of e-book media in improving student learning outcomes are likely to influence student learning outcomes. This is because e-book media can only attract student learning interest and it is not certain or maybe this e-book media can be efficient in improving student learning outcomes. Figure 4. In reading e-books students get information quickly The picture above is a questionnaire that shows the percentage in reading e-books students get information quickly. The questionnaire explained that students who answered yes, by reading e-books students got information quickly as much as 76.5%. While students who answered maybe by reading the e-book students get information quickly as much as 23.5%. From this it is stated that yes indeed by reading e-books students get information quickly. This is because e-books can be easily accessed, so it is also easy for students to get information. Figure 5. In using the e-book students can find the material discussed easily Based on the results of the questionnaire data above regarding the subject of using e-books students can find the material discussed easily. The percentage obtained by researchers in interviews with students via Google form was obtained, namely 76.5% of students answered yes. Because by using an e-book students can find material easily from a simple and attractive media display. And 23.5% of students answered maybe, because there were some students who did not understand how to use e-book media, then there were electronic devices that could not access this e-book media. And 0% of students answered no, because for them this e-book is easy to use and they understand how to use it. The results of the questionnaire data stated that students answered more in using the ebook students could find the material discussed easily.
Students can use gadgets such as laptops and smartphones connected to the internet to participate in educational and learning activities in the form of video conferencing. You can also study using what is done in online classes. An application available online. The online learning process is carried out mainly by giving assignments via WhatsApp, video conferencing, Google Forms, or special applications available. In accordance with the distance learning policy, learning is also carried out online (in a network). Online learning uses information and communication technology, so the teacher does not need to accompany these learning activities. B. Media ebook and students can learn. The development of ICT will bring changes in the direction of learning. Plays an important role in updating learning concepts that are more modern, flexible, effective and efficient. This will allow you to gain new experience and form the abilities of your students. Help you achieve your goals optimally to achieve them. Djam`am Satori and Asep Irawan argue that the effectiveness of learning lies not only in assessing student learning outcomes, but in all efforts to encourage children to learn.
When undertaking distance learning, educators need to think about ways to do this so that their active engagement, enthusiasm, and understanding is fully communicated, even when done remotely. There are many concerns that arise in the minds of teachers, especially those that reduce student learning motivation, which has an impact on learning outcomes. Motivation is a support system for student achievement. Students are motivated to focus on all learning activities to improve their learning outcomes. These learning outcomes can be interpreted as changes in student behavior that develop after learning activities are carried out. In addition, distance learning during the pandemic has not only changed the learning system in the classroom, but has also helped improve several goals in academia. Distance learning can also increase independence. This can be measured through setting learning objectives, learning strategies, time management, environment, pursuit of support, and self-assessment. It was explained that self-study is useful not only for academic achievement but also for improving professional skills.
Online learning has the challenge of internet network availability. Some have difficulty holding online classes because of adequate network availability, because not all areas have smooth internet access. Besides the challenges associated with Internet services, another challenge is cost control. This means that students have to pay more to buy internet quota when participating in online learning. Especially when studying via video conferencing, it eats up a lot of internet quota. Besides the challenges associated with Internet services, another challenge is cost control. This means that students have to pay more to buy internet quota when participating in online learning. Especially when studying via video conferencing, it eats up a lot of internet quota. Another thing to consider when supporting online learning with smartphones is smartphone addiction. This is a sign of gadget addiction because it is used too often. This can raise concerns about the negative impact of using gadgets and social media. B. Possible exposure to false information through playing on social media and not paying attention while studying.
Concerns also arise among grade 6 teachers. Teachers worry that their students understand the lesson. It is the desire of all educators to make the material understandable to students. Online face-to-face is an option for teachers to carry out the learning process during the Covid-19 pandemic. However, not all teachers and students can easily meet online, considering that there are several obstacles in the implementation. This means that every student and teacher has different technical and financial skills, and not all teachers can support them through the right institutions. Face-to-face online implementation or distance learning (such as) Example: Incompetent device, weak connection, expensive internet assignments. Facing these limitations, educators need to think about how to apply effective learning by using a flexible learning platform. Flexibility in this regard is easy to use and within the reach of teachers and students. When preparing for the current generation, it is not enough to have intelligence that is not matched by developing technology. This can be overcome by increasing the KKN work program which previously did not exist. E-book media has a positive impact on students, because the use of ebooks can be used as an alternative source of independent learning. This makes it easier and more proactive for students to participate in the learning process without resorting to explanations about their needs.
The appearance of the E-book which has features that make it very easy for students to find material and information in it will greatly assist teachers in providing teaching materials during this pandemic period where during this pandemic it has been determined that the learning process cannot be carried out face-to-face. That way the teacher must prepare strategies, models and media in delivering the teaching material. With the development of technology, teachers can use various kinds of media to deliver teaching materials to students. In choosing the use of learning media the teacher must also adjust to the material to be provided and also the conditions, so students will not feel bored or bored during the learning process. E-book is a medium that can be accessed and easily used anytime and anywhere.
From the results of discussing the questionnaire data above, the researcher found that using e-book learning media is very suitable for use during distance learning, where teachers and students can carry out the learning process when they don't have to go out looking for learning references at that time. This distance learning is carried out to break the chain of Covid-19. And this remote learning also has drawbacks, namely access to places that are very inadequate, and the government has also not provided a way to make it easier to go later if using e-book media there are problems. Using e-book media is the same as other learning media, and learning using e-book media can help students in any subject and of course according to the teaching material provided by the teacher.

CONCLUSION
Technology that continues to develop has a significant impact on the learning process. The rapid development of IT facilitates all activities Depending on technical requirements. Expectations that students want can live with them Technology, when students learn technology and are motivated to live Determine their future. Study is no exception. Learning during a pandemic must be carried out remotely between students and teachers. This kind of learning is called online learning and is not the same as conventional type learning. Information technology plays a very important role in updating the concept of learning. Using e-Book learning media with during Distance learning is an option for learning activities. The introduction of e-book media for Class VI students is important to solve problems for students who are studying during the Covid-19 pandemic. The activities selected for the implementation of e-book media Organize education and outreach to deepen students' insights. About the basics of using e-books and the components they contain. Efforts to implement the use of ebooks can be carried out to encourage students to learn, be motivated and attract an interest in learning in distance education (PJJ). Students can use e-book media to better understand the material and have no trouble with assignments that involve practicing with educational videos.