Hybrid Nanozyme-Enabled Biosensors for Real-Time Detection of Multi-Disease Biomarkers
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Disease Biomarkers, Hybrid Nanozyme, Multiplexed Detection
Abstract
The early and accurate detection of disease biomarkers is fundamental to timely diagnosis and effective treatment, yet conventional laboratory methods are often slow, costly, and require complex instrumentation. Nanozymes—nanomaterials with intrinsic enzyme-like properties—offer a promising alternative for developing robust biosensors. This study aimed to design, synthesize, and validate a novel hybrid nanozyme-enabled biosensor platform capable of the sensitive, selective, and real-time multiplexed detection of biomarkers for different diseases from a single sample. A hybrid nanozyme was synthesized by integrating platinum nanoparticles with metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) to create a material with superior catalytic activity. This hybrid nanozyme was then immobilized onto a multi-channel electrochemical sensor chip. Each channel was functionalized with specific aptamers targeting three distinct biomarkers: cardiac troponin I (a cardiac marker), prostate-specific antigen (a cancer marker), and glucose (a metabolic marker). The detection was based on the catalytic signal amplification upon biomarker binding. The platform showed excellent selectivity with negligible cross-reactivity between channels and achieved a rapid detection time of under 15 minutes. The multiplexed assay successfully and accurately quantified all three biomarkers simultaneously in complex serum samples. The hybrid nanozyme-enabled electrochemical biosensor represents a significant advancement in diagnostic technology.
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